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Guideline

Initial management of acute pancreatitis (AP)

Detailed instructions for the initial management of acute pancreatitis (AP) within the first 48-72 hours of hospital admission, with guidance regarding the benefit of antibiotics, the timing and mode of nutritional support, and the utility and timing of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and cholecystectomy.

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Recommendations

1. In patients with acute pancreatitis (AP), AGA suggests using goal-directed therapy for fluid management.
Comment: AGA makes no recommendation whether normal saline or Ringer’s lactate is used.

2. In patients with AP, AGA suggests against the use of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) fluids.

3. In patients with predicted severe AP and necrotizing AP, AGA suggests against the use of prophylactic antibiotics.

4. In patients with acute biliary pancreatitis and no cholangitis, AGA suggests against the routine use of urgent ERCP.

5. In patients with AP, AGA recommends early (within 24 hours) oral feeding as tolerated, rather than keeping the patient nil per os.

6. In patients with AP and inability to feed orally, AGA recommends enteral rather than parenteral nutrition.

7. In patients with predicted severe or necrotizing pancreatitis requiring enteral tube feeding, AGA suggest either NG or NJ route.

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